據中國國防科技資訊網5月30日報導,美國海軍在關島海軍基地部署了第四艘攻擊型核潛艇,這標誌著美國將兵力轉向亞太戰區的行動又向前進了一步。
本次部署的核潛艇是原部署于美國康涅狄格州Groton的「托萊多」號,屬於「洛杉磯」級攻擊核潛艇,美國海軍此前在關島部署有三艘核潛艇,分別是「奧克拉荷馬城」號、「芝加哥」號和「基·韋斯特」號。
美國海軍從2002年10月開始在關島部署核潛艇,2007年將駐關島核潛艇部隊的規模擴大至三艘。
在關島部署核潛艇對於正在精減的美軍潛艇部隊而言是一次力量的提升。 相比于珍珠港或聖達戈,駐關島的潛艇前往作戰區的航程更短,同時可以在西太平洋和印度洋區域執行更長時間的巡航任務。
美軍在太平洋共部署有30艘核潛艇,在大西洋部署有22艘。
美軍攻擊核潛艇
駐關島的潛艇由「弗蘭克·凱布林」號潛艇維修供應艦提供保障,該艦同時為來訪關島的潛艇提供保障。
據瞭解,「洛杉磯」級核潛艇的任務包括公海巡邏任務、情報收集、特種作戰、高精度攻擊、戰略性阻嚇和海域巡邏等。 美國海軍認為,其方法是將攻擊型核潛艇部署在航母編隊之前,以探測和獵殺敵方潛艇。
關島是美軍在西太平洋的重要基地,被稱為太平洋的十字路口。 關島經過多年修建,其海軍基地阿普拉港在規模和設施上已經可與美軍在日本的橫須賀基地媲美。 美國《海軍學會會報》有文章指出,「在太平洋的馬尼拉灣到珍珠港之間,關島是最好的海港。 船隻從這裡啟航,4天之內就能抵達日本、菲律賓、澳大利亞北部和麻六甲海峽。 一旦西太平洋地區出現突發事件,攻擊型核潛艇從關島基地出擊,兩天內便可潛航至菲律賓外海或是臺灣周邊,這無疑將極大地加強美軍在亞太地區的應變能力。 ”
此外,洛杉磯級攻擊型核潛艇除了可執行常規反潛任務外,也能攜帶MK67自航水雷執行佈雷封鎖任務。 由於洛杉磯級核潛艇排水量大,並不適合在類似中國大陸沿海這樣的淺水區域作戰,而裝備了航程為17公里的MK67水雷之後,則可對中國沿海的港口、基地周圍和航道進行隱蔽佈雷。 由於洛杉磯級攻擊型核潛艇同時具備了對陸攻擊、反艦、反潛、佈雷和偵察等多種作戰功能,加上長時間的續航力和水下高速度,因此只需一兩艘就能對別國造成很大的軍事壓力。
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